[Laparoscopic ureterovesical repair for megaureter treatment]. / Plastia ureterovesical laparoscópica para el tratamiento del megauréter.

BACKGROUND: An alternative treatment for obstructive and refluxing obstructive megaureter with ureterovesical junction maintenance through laparoscopy is proposed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The series consists of 8 cases, all of them studied because of prenatal hydronephrosis or febrile urinary tract infection. Seven were diagnosed with obstructive megaureter and one with obstructive refluxing megaureter. The procedure consisted in incising the stenotic portion of the ureter longitudinally and maintaining its posterior wall attached to the bladder, the anterior wall of the ureter was anastomosed transversally to the bladder mucosa in order to liberate the obstruction. RESULTS: Two of the 8 cases were women and 6 were male. They were aged between 5 months and 11 years (average age of 2.9 years). The surgical time varied between 90 and 120min, with a 48h hospital stay. The permanence of the vesical catheter and the double J stent was of 48h and 6 weeks, respectively. A female patient developed febrile urinary tract infection one week after the surgical procedure. The rest of the patients remained asymptomatic, with normal urinalysis and quarterly urine culture results. Six months after the procedure, the ultrasound showed improvement of the ureteral diameter and of the pyelocaliceal ectasia. The average follow-up was of 2 years. DISCUSSION: The handling of stenosis with longitudinal incision of the ureter and transverse anastomosis to the bladder mucosa, seems promising. The laparoscopic approach allows to identify clearly the longitude of the stenotic segment and join with relative precision such opening with the one of the vesical mucosa.

[Laparoscopic vs opened appendicovesicostomy in pediatric patients]. / Apendicovesicostomia laparoscópica vs abierta en pacientes pediátricos.

BACKGROUND: Appendicovesicostomy is commonly employed to facilitate drainage of urine through the catheter. Due to the tendency to less invasive procedures for the treatment of patients with neurogenic bladder, laparoscopy has been used as an alternative to open surgery, with the immediate advantages of postoperative recovery, shorter postoperative ileus, better cosmetic results, lower postoperative pain and early reintegration into everyday life. PURPOSE: Compare the results of laparoscopic procedure with open appendicovesicostomy. METHODS: We conducted an observational, analytical, longitudinal, ambispective cohort study, which included patients from 6-16 years of age diagnosed with neurogenic bladder, operated through laparoscopic and open appendicovesicostomy from January 2009 to June 2013. Information was obtained from clinical records. Six patients were operated laparoscopically and 14 by open approach. RESULTS: Surgical time was longer and statistically significant in the laparoscopic group with a median of 330 min (300-360 min) compared to open procedure of 255 min (180-360 min). Seven patients had complications in the open group and only one in the laparoscopic group. The difference in the dose of analgesics and time of use was statistically significant in favor of the laparoscopic group. The degree of urinary continence through the stoma was higher for laparoscopic (100%) compared to the open procedure (64%). CONCLUSIONS: In neurogenic bladder with urodynamic bladder capacity and leak point pressure bladder within acceptable values, laparoscopic appendicovesicostomy was a better alternative.

Antecedentes: la apendicovesicostomía suele practicarse para facilitar el drenaje de orina por medio del cateterismo. La tendencia a ofrecer procedimientos menos invasivos a pacientes con vejiga neurogénica ha hecho de la laparoscopia una alternativa a la cirugía abierta, por sus ventajas de recuperación, menor tiempo de íleo postoperatorio, mejor cosmética, menor dolor postquirúrgico y reintegración temprana a la vida cotidiana. Objetivo: comparar los resultados de la apendicovesicostomía laparoscópica con la abierta. Material y métodos: estudio de cohorte, observacional, analítico, longitudinal, ambispectivo, que incluyó pacientes de 6 a 16 años, con diagnóstico de vejiga neurogénica, intervenidos mediante laparoscopia y cirugía abierta entre enero de 2009 y junio 2013, recuperándose la información de los expedientes clínicos. Resultados: seis pacientes se operaron mediante laparoscopia y 14 con cirugía abierta. El tiempo quirúrgico fue mayor en el grupo intervenido mediante laparoscopia, con una mediana de 330 minutos (300-360), en comparación con el abierto de 255 minutos (180-360), diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Siete pacientes del grupo abierto tuvieron complicaciones y solo 1 del grupo laparoscópico. La diferencia en la dosis de analgésicos y en el tiempo de su consumo fue estadísticamente significativa a favor del grupo intervenido mediante laparoscopia. El grado de continencia urinaria por la derivación fue mayor para el procedimiento laparoscópico (100%) que para el abierto (64%). Conclusiones: la apendicovesicostomía laparoscópica resultó una mejor alternativa para pacientes con vejiga neurogénica con parámetros urodinámicos de capacidad vesical y presión de punto de fuga dentro de valores aceptables.